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The distribution of aerodynamic downforce between the front and rear of the car. Shifting aero balance forward increases front grip and reduces understeer, while rearward balance reduces oversteer at high speed.
McBeath's Competition Car Aerodynamics notes that the optimal wing position is "dependent on the exact shaping of the rear deck upper surfaces, the underbody and diffuser exit locations and shapes, and the rear wing's potency, profile(s) and plan-form shape." In his CFD study, a baseline Porsche produced downforce with "a roughly 40% front/60% rear static weight split" and front aero balance of 40.5%. Seward's Race Car Design states the design objective: "strive for a car where the understeer/oversteer balance is appropriate and constant at all speeds. This may not be fully achievable as the relative magnitudes and positions of the aerodynamic forces may change with speed. Slow speed balance is dominated by mechanical balance."