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A single parameter being measured by the data system, such as speed, throttle position, engine RPM, or brake pressure. Each channel produces its own trace line when viewed in analysis software.
Segers' Analysis Techniques for Racecar Data Acquisition identifies "the six basic channels: engine RPM, vehicle speed, throttle position, steering angle, and lateral and longitudinal acceleration." He adds that "lateral g-force sensors located on the front and rear axle are convenient for analyzing understeering and oversteering." Bentley's Data for Drivers teaches the analysis process per channel: for the speed trace, "look at acceleration/deceleration rate, coasting before brake, not full throttle between turns, throttle lifts where they shouldn't be, trail braking in slow to mid-speed corners, shifting issues." For lateral G: "look at peak g-loads — consistently using them? Spikes either direction? Consistency lap-to-lap?" His method: "Ask Why, then confirm issues with other channels, if available."