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Any object or feature in the driver's field of vision used to guide actions on track. Cones, curbing patterns, trackside markers, and even shadows can serve as visual cues for braking, turn-in, and apex targeting.
Bentley instructs in Ultimate Speed Secrets: "It takes practice to feel comfortable looking farther ahead than you do now, so begin practicing it on the street. You will be amazed at how much it will help and at how far ahead the winners are looking." He adds: "As you drive through the corners, keep your head upright. Many drivers wrongly feel they have to lean their head into the corner. Watch the best motorcycle racers: even as they lean the bike, their heads stay as upright as possible." The Racer's Mind (Lappi 2018) provides the research perspective: reference points "enable self-localization and orientation in terms of a cognitive map in long-term memory. But for any of this information to be of use in actual performance they need to fit seamlessly into the flow of online action control" — meaning vision must be trained to be automatic, not deliberate.